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Achieving Solid Link Performance and Desired Link Distances with Singlemode Fiber

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Having all new technologies and products available in the data center market, it is beneficial to plan in advance for potential amendments and upgrades. No matter which option you carry out, low-loss, high-bandwidth fiber cable used in conjunction with low-loss fiber connectors will always provide solid link performance and desired link distances with the number of connections you require.

As we’ve mentioned in earlier blogs, it is imperative to understand the power budget of new data center architecture, as well as the desired number of connections in each link. The power budget indicates the amount of loss that a link (from the transmitter to the receiver) can tolerate while maintaining an acceptable level of operation.

This blog equips you with singlemode fiber (SMF) link specifications so your fiber connections will have sufficient power and reach and desired link distances. Unlike multimode fiber (MMF), SMF has virtually unlimited modal bandwidth, especially operating at the zero-dispersion wavelength 1300 nm range, where material dispersion and waveguide dispersion cancel each other out.

Typically, a singlemode laser has a much finer spectral width; the actual reach limit isn’t bound by the differential modal dispersion (DMD) like it is in multimode fiber.

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The Right DC Supply Chain Can Improve Speed to Market

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Trasfering capacity online faster, without sacrificing reliability or performance, is crucial for hyperscale and colocation data center projects, as providers and tenants continue to require additional equipment to support their growing infrastructure.

Recently reflecting on a panel discussion at last year’s CAPRE San Francisco Data Center Summit, which covered the top three things on the minds of data center industry executives today. In order of importance, their concerns were:

  1. Security
  2. Meantime to deploy
  3. Customer satisfaction

While all of these things are significant, No. 2 struck a chord. The ability to deploy data center capacity rapidly and efficiently can mean the difference between going live – or going broke! Meantime to deploy is not a concern that just popped up at a conference – rapid, on-time deployment has been a priority in the data center industry from Day One!

How can you reduce the amount of time it takes to “go live” for a tenant (or for your enterprise)? You could try to achieve better speed to market by working harder and faster, hiring more people and putting in longer hours. But there are only so many hours in the day – and only so much money in the budget.

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Time Sensitive Networking – 3 Benefits it Will Bring to Railway Communication

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As demand for mass transit expands in densely populated urban areas, so do passenger demands for more entertainment, on-time delivery and safety. The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) and impending technologies like Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) are making this feasible.

TSN is a novel technology, currently in development at the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), that provides an entirely new level of determinism in standard IEEE 802.1 and IEEE 802.3 Ethernet networks. Standardizing Ethernet networks with TSN will deliver an important capability: deterministic, time-critical packet delivery.

It represents the next measure in the evolution of dependable and standardized automation technology and is certainly the next step in improving railway communication.

Time-Sensitive Networking Will Be Key for Railway Communication

Communication-based train control (CBTC), which uses wireless technologies to continually monitor and control the position of trains, could use TSN to guarantee real-time delivery of critical safety data on Ethernet networks also carrying non-safety related data. Ethernet networks standardized with TSN will support higher data bandwidths and reduce the number of devices required for railway communication. Ultimately, with more information being transmitted across railway Ethernet networks, TSN will ensure that the most critical data is prioritized to assure operations.

What does railway communication look like today, without TSN? The process is like a police car and a truck sharing a one-lane road: Imagine that a truck, (which represents non-time-critical information), is driving along a one-lane road and can’t see anybody behind or in front of him on the road. So, he drives the truck onto the next section of the road. But just as the truck enters this section, a police car (representing time-critical information) with emergency lights arrives and wants to overtake the truck to quickly reach an emergency situation further down the road. unfortunately, the truck has already turned onto the next section of the one-lane road and cannot move out of the way, causing an unexpected delay to the police car!

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Introducing Magnum 5RX Security Router

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This ruggedized device delivers high-performance routing and advanced firewall function while ensuring network security. This is your moment to reduce total infrastructure costs, especially in high-volume deployments and highly distributed networks.

 

Ultimate Performance and Reliability in a 2-in-1 Package

Integrating advanced firewall security and routing in a fixed configuration, the Magnum 5RX Security Router provides current and legacy network interfaces and a valuable migration path to the new generation of network backbones. Features eight DB9-DTE serial ports along with standard six Gigabit Ethernet ports and one WAN (T1E1 or DDS) port.

  • Combined 2-in-1 solution
  • Ensures optimal performance
  • Total network support with Magnum series

GarrettCom Magnum 5RX Fixed Configuration Security Router offers a cost-efficient, two-in-one solution for industrial energy and utility applications.

The Magnum 5RX Security Router is a mid-level, industrial-grade security router serving the power generation, transmission and distribution markets by delivering an efficient edge-of-network solution.

Offering advanced routing and security capabilities in a single platform, the new router provides a natural migration path for customers planning a move to next-generation, high performance Gigabit Ethernet and Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) technology.

 

Product Features

Combined two-in-one solution

  • Routing and security functionalities in a single device for streamlined management
  • Fixed configuration for a cost-effective system, especially in highly distributed deployment scenarios

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Checkpoint 3: Optical Fiber Standards for Fiber Infrastructure Deployment

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To reinforce the expanding cloud ecosystem, optical active component vendors have designed and commercialized new transceiver types under multi-source agreements (MSAs) for dissimilar data center types; standards bodies are incorporating these new variants into new standards development.

For example, IEEE 802.3 taskforces are working on 50 Gbps- and 100 Gbps-per-lane technologies for next-generation Ethernet speeds from 50 Gbps to 400 Gbps. Moving from 10 Gbps to 25 Gbps, and then to 50 Gbps and 100 Gbps per lane, creates new challenges in semiconductor integrated circuit design and manufacturing processes, as well as in high-speed data transmission.

Getting ready for new fiber infrastructure deployment to accommodate these upcoming changes, there are four essential checkpoints that we think you should keep in mind:

  1. Determine the active equipment I/O interface based on application types
  2. Choose optical link media based on reach and speed
  3. Verify optical fiber standards developed by standards bodies
  4. Validate optical link budget based on link distance and number of connection points

The first blog published on March 23, 2017 – we are discussing these checkpoints, describing current technology trends and explaining the latest industry standards for data center applications. This blog covers checkpoint No. 3: verifying optical fiber standards developed by standards bodies.

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Rack Scale Design: “Data-Center-in-a-Box”

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The “data-center-in-a-box” concept is becoming a reality as data center operators look for explanations that are easily replicated, scaled and deployed following a just-in-time methodology.

Rack scale design is a modular, efficient design approach that supports this yearning for easier-to-manage compute and storage solutions.

What is Rack Scale Design?

Rack scale design solutions serve as the building blocks of a new data center methodology that incorporates a software-defined, hyper-converged management system within a concentrated, single rack solution. In essence, rack scale design is a design approach that supports hyper-convergence.

Rack scale design is changing the data center environment. Read on to discover how the progress to a hyper-converged, software-defined environment came about; its pros and cons; the effects on the data center infrastructure; and where rack scale design solutions are headed.

What is Hyper-Convergence?

Two years ago, the term “hyper-convergence” meant nothing in our industry. By 2019, however, hyper-convergence is expected to be a $5 billion market.

Offering a centralized approach to organizing data center infrastructure, hyper-convergence can collapse compute, storage, virtualization and networking into one SKU, adding a software-defined layer to manage data, software and physical infrastructure. Based on software and/or appliances, or supplied with commodity-based servers, hyper-convergence places compute, storage and networking into one package or “physical container” to create a virtualized data center.

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IT as a Utility

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There are accepted utility services which businesses require in order to function: water, gas, sewer and electricity services are at the very top. As public utilities, these services are provided to all organizations; their cost is typically determined based on usage and demand, and customers pay a metered fee based on individual consumption levels.

When you reflect on public utilities, what comes to mind? How reliant we are on them? How fundamental they are to our survival? How the services are primarily invisible to us, and how we often take them for granted?

When you think about it, many of these statements could also be said about IT networks, especially as they have changed over the past few years to support digital buildings and IoT. It’s becoming extremely common to refer to – or think about – IT as a utility because of how central it is to every business – and to our everyday lives. Enterprise networks are just as vital as electricity and water to keeping a business afloat.

Today’s users expect networks to be fast and fully functional. They do not think about the behind-the-scenes work it takes to make that network connection transpire. When you flip a light switch, do you think about where the electricity is coming from, or the process required to make your overhead lights turn on? When you think about IT as a utility, you expect to be able to connect to a network whenever you want – you assume it will always be available and easy to access, regardless of where you are.

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AI Uses in Data Centers

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Compared to many of the digital transformations we have seen in the past couple years, artificial intelligence (AI) is altering the way we all do business – including in data centers.

An increasingly used term that describes the method of using “machine logic” to solve very complex problems for humans, artificial intelligence also describes the potential for a machine to “learn” similar to the way human beings learn. Software algorithms (programming, more specifically) develop relationships between large sets of data, then repeat the same function using the same algorithms, but including the “learning factor.”

The reason we are hearing so vastly about artificial intelligence is because it is one of the fastest-growing sectors in technology today. Artificial intelligence uses are expected to increase by 63% between last year (2016) and 2022; the prediction is a $16.6 billion market that’s driven by technology companies like IBM, Intel and Microsoft.

According to Siemens, there are specific artificial intelligence uses that are expected to rise between 2019 and 2024:

  • Autonomous robots (self-driving cars): 31%
  • Digital assistants (Siri-like automated online assistants): 30%
  • Neurocomputers (machines that recognize patterns and relationships): 22%
  • Embedded systems (machine monitoring and control): 19%
  • Expert systems (medical diagnosis and the smart grid): 12%

Artificial intelligence uses in data centers are also expected to heighten. AI can help data centers reduce energy consumption and operating costs while improving uptime and maintaining high levels of performance. Need a few examples? Let’s take a closer look.

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5G Networks and Mobile Edge Computing

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Global mobile data traffic is growing much faster than fixed broadband data traffic, with a compound annual growth rate of 47% from 2016 to 2021, according to Cisco’s VNI Mobile 2017 report. Expansion of mobile-access bandwidth is being driven by the proliferation of web applications, cloud computing and content streaming (including audio, video and virtual reality).

The Evolution of Mobile Networks

The mobile network system, which serves as the communications backbone for cellular phones, has changed our lives and our communication over the last 30 years. Today, smartphones do not just support basic services like voice and SMS – they have become indispensable tools that offer millions of applications to improve work efficiency, continuously provide updated news information, keep us in contact with peers and friends, provide instant streaming of our favorite TV series and movies, take and share high-definition pictures and videos … our smartphones have become our personal assistants to complete all kind of tasks.

Since the first cellular mobile network system was introduced in 1981, a new mobile generation has appeared every 10 years. These mobile-network milestones remind us of just how far we’ve come since then:

  • A 1G cellular system that supported analog voice service using frequency division multiple access (FDMA) was introduced in 1982.
  • A 2G GSM cellular system that supported digital voice and messaging using time division multiple access (TDMA) and code division multiple access (CDMA) was introduced in 1992.
  • 3G first appeared in 2001 to support digital voice and messaging, as well as data and multimedia service; it moved us to the wideband spread-spectrum with wideband code-division multiple access (WCDMA).
  • 4G/LTE (long-term evolution), our current mobile-network generation, supports IP voice and data, as well as mobile Internet service. 4G has moved to complex modulation formats with orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM), and was first standardized and introduced in 2012.

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Cabinet Seismic Ratings: Reduce the Risk of Downtime

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The International Building Code (IBC) determines that certain facilities – data centers often included – remain operational during and after earthquakes or other seismic events. Based on building type, and how vital a building’s operations are, facilities are placed into four IBC-determined risk categories:

  • Risk Category 4: Hospitals, aviation control towers, police/fire stations, facilities containing highly toxic materials
  • Risk Category 3: Lecture halls, theaters, power-generations stations, water treatment plants, prisons
  • Risk Category 2: buildings that don’t fall into Risk Categories 1, 3 or 4
  • Risk Category 1: storage buildings and agricultural facilities

Data centers typically fall into Risk Category 4, meaning that their operation is regarded vital during and after an earthquake. To protect against downtime, it’s pivotal to minimise the potential for equipment damage during seismic events – especially if data centers are not backed up at a secondary location. Some data centers are considered vital to conserving communication exchange (wireless, email, voice, etc.) after a seismic event.

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